Galaxy Bulge · Classical vs Pseudobulge
unseel.com · Sersic n · V/σ · M-σ relation
MW bulge mass ~10¹⁰ M☉
Sgr A* 4.3 × 10⁶ M☉
stage
Classical bulge (merger)
Pseudobulge (boxy/peanut)
Bar / X-shape orbits
Central SMBH
Unseel.com · Galaxy Bulge