Tully-Fisher Relation ·
L ∝ V⁴
un
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.com · spin predicts luminosity · scatter ~10%
slope α
≈ 4
scale a₀
1.2×10⁻¹⁰ m/s²
beat
—
Spiral galaxy
Rotation curve
L–V scatter
BTF / MOND
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.com · Tully-Fisher Relation