Violent Relaxation ·
Lynden-Bell 1967
un
seel
.com · collapse · fluctuating Φ · virialization
Free-fall time
~10⁸ yr
Two-body t
relax
10¹⁸ yr
phase
—
low-energy star
mid-energy star
high-energy star
gravitational potential Φ
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Un
seel
.com · Violent Relaxation