Butler-Volmer · Electrode Kinetics
unseel.com · i = i₀[e^(α_a Fη/RT) − e^(−α_c Fη/RT)]
Overpotential η 0 mV
Net current 0
Stage electrode at equilibrium
Reactant O (oxidized)
Product R (reduced)
Electron e⁻
Anodic branch (oxidation)
Cathodic branch (reduction)
Unseel.com · Butler-Volmer Equation