The Ellingham Diagram · Which Metal Oxide Reduces Which
unseel.com · ΔG° vs T · smelting thermodynamics
T 25 °C
rule lower line wins
slope −ΔS°
step
Al → Al₂O₃ (deep)
Zn / Fe oxides
2C + O₂ → 2CO
crossover / reduction
Unseel.com · The Ellingham Diagram Unseel.com · The Ellingham Diagram — Concepts