Graham's Law ·
Rate ∝ 1/√M
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.com · lighter gas escapes the pinhole faster
Escaped light
0
Escaped heavy
0
Stage
gas sealed in the chamber
Light gas (He, M=4) — fast
Heavy gas (O₂, M=32) — slow
Pinhole (≪ mean free path)
Escape ratio √(M₂/M₁)
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.com · Graham's Law