Grad-B Drift ·
Gradient Drift
un
seel
.com · gyro-orbit · field gradient · guiding-center march
Drift v
0
r_L ∇B/B
—
phase
—
Magnetic field B (into weak → strong)
Ion (+q) gyro-orbit & drift
Electron (−q) drifts opposite
Guiding center
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Un
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.com · Grad-B Drift
Un
seel
.com · Grad-B Drift