Shapiro Delay · Δt = (2GM/c³)·ln(…)
unseel.com · Gravitational time delay of light · GR's 4th test
Excess delay 0 μs
Coord. light speed 1.00 c
state
Massive body (Sun)
Far ray (flat-space reference)
Grazing ray (delayed)
Unseel.com · Shapiro Delay